India noticed its 77th Independence Day this yr. This evaluation measures India’s relative efficiency in the past 76 years in comparison with different international locations throughout 4 parameters — GDP per capita, Human Development (*76*) (HDI), Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) and ladies’s participation in Parliament. Owing to technological development and infrastructural growth, India and different international locations have made exceptional progress in the past seven and half many years. So it turns into crucial to take a look at the place India stood in comparison with different nations round the time of independence and the place it stands now amongst them.
India is in contrast with these international locations: BRICS (Brazil, Russia, China, South Africa), G-7 international locations (Canada, France, Germany, Italy, the United Kingdom, and the United States), rising economies (Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Egypt, Hungary, Indonesia, Iran, Malaysia, Mexico, the Philippines, Poland, Saudi Arabia, Thailand, Turkey, and the United Arab Emirates) and the Indian subcontinent (Bangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka).
Chart 1 | The chart compares GDP per capita (in $) of 26 international locations between the Sixties and 2022.
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India’s GDP per capita rating of 24 out of 26 nations analysed remained unchanged between the Sixties and 2022. While Indonesia and Nepal had been lagging behind India in the Sixties, Pakistan and Nepal had been lagging behind in 2022.
Chart 2 | The chart compares the Human Development (*76*) of 31 international locations between 1950 and 2021.
India’s HDI elevated by 0.11 factors in 1950 to 0.633 in 2021. However, India’s rating slipped from 26 in 1950 to 29 by 2021. Of the 5 international locations which lagged behind India in 1950, Saudi Arabia, Indonesia and Bangladesh—moved forward by 2021, with scores of 0.87, 0.7 and 0.66 respectively.
Chart 3 | The chart compares toddler mortality charges in 32 international locations between 1960-1975 and 2021.
Between 1960 and 1975, India had the seventh-worst IMR amongst these 32 nations. In 2021, India regressed 4 spots and have become the third-worst. Of the six international locations which had been behind India in 1960-75, 5 (Turkey, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Egypt and Nepal) surpassed India by 2021. However, South Africa regressed.
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Chart 4 | The chart compares the share of ladies in Parliament in 31 international locations between 1997 and 2022.
Women’s participation in India elevated from 7% in 1997-98 to 14.9% in 2022. Over 10 international locations had been behind India in this indicator in 1997-98. In 2022, solely 5 stay under India.
In case of different indicators like entry to electrical energy and utilization of the web, India has had important progress. Between 1993 and 2000, solely 50% of India’s inhabitants had entry to electrical energy. By 2020, this elevated to 99% of its inhabitants. A majority of the 32 international locations thought-about offered electrical energy to over 99% of their inhabitants by 2020, aside from Pakistan, South Africa and Nepal the place the share stays under 90%. In 1990, virtually no nation thought-about, aside from the U.S., had any entry to the Internet. But by 2020, India has managed to offer web entry to 43% of its inhabitants. While India lags behind 27 international locations in this indicator, Bhutan (53.5%) is the solely nation in the subcontinent that’s ranked above India.
In 1960, with a inhabitants of 45.05 crore folks, India had the second-highest inhabitants behind China (66.7 crore). By the finish of 2022, India’s inhabitants stood at 1.417 billion, surpassing China’s 1.412 billion, making India the most populous nation in the world, in response to the World Population Review.
Source: World Bank and Our World in Data
vignesh.r@thehindu.co.in and rebecca.varghese@thehindu.co.in
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